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USES AND APPLICATIONS OF ASBESTOS

Material and Products Fibre Type (% W/W)
ASBESTOS CEMENT

Flat and corrugated sheets, tiles, drainage and rainwater pipes, gutters, flues for boilers and ascots, high pressure water pipes, steam pipes, water tanks, wall ventilators, fire surrounds.

10-15% Chrysotile, although some products (especially high pressure applications) contain Crocidolite.
INSULATION BOARDS

eg. Asbestolux, LDR, Marinite and Turnabestos

Cladding for walls, ceilings and structural steelworks. Acoustic and thermal insulation.

Fire retardation. Sometimes found in the form of shipboards.

20-40% total asbestos. Usually Amosite, but may also contain small proportion of Chrysotile or Crocidolite.
LAGGING (TO PIPES, BOILERS AND CALORIFIERS)

Pre-formed sections and slabs or wet plastering. Note that asbestos ropes, tapes, corrugated papers, quilts, felts and blankets are also found lagging boilers, etc. In the past, woven asbestos quilts filled with loose asbestos were sometimes used for insulation of hot water cylinders, calorifeisrs, etc.

Up to 90% Chrysotile, Amosite or Crocidolite. May be combined with Magnesia for high temperature applications (boiler casings, steam pipes, etc).
SPRAYED COATINGS

Fire protection to structural steelwork, thermal and acoustic insulation, condensation prevention.

Up to 85% Crocidolite, Amosite or Chrysotile.
CAULKING MATERIALS
(JOINTINGS AND PACKINGS)

Found anywhere a fireproof seal is needed eg. ovens, sections of system built dwellings, sealing holes in service ducts, joints to soil pipes ("PC4").

30-80% Chrysotile or Amosite. Sometimes mixed with rubber compounds, cement or plaster.
ASBESTOS YARNS AND ROPES

Mainly used to seal joints (eg. boilers, flues, chimneys, etc.) as a rot-free fire stop (eg. where pipes go through a wall) or between components in plant and machinery.

65-100% Chrysotile.
ASBESTOS CLOTHS AND TEXTILES

Fire blankets, fireproof clothing, oven gloves, safety curtains and blankets.

65-100% Chrysotile , but Crocidolite was also used.
ASBESTOS PAPER

Electrical insulation, (eg. in switchgear), fireproof facings, heat reflective layers to boilers and electric storage heaters.

Up to 100% Chrysotile.
MILLBOARDS

Mainly used for thermal insulation eg. steam pipes, industrial ovens, sheet metal ductwork in industrial heating systems, cylinder head gaskets, etc.

45-100% Chrysotile.
GASKETS Approximately 70% asbestos plus rubber compounds and fillers. Normally Chrysotile but Crocidolite is also likely.
FRICTION PRODUCTS

Brake linings (road and rail vehicles, lifts and other machinery). Clutch facings.

Older products contained 30-70% Chrysotile but recent materials contain much less.
ASBESTOS REINFORCED PLASTICS

Produced as pellets which are then re-liquefied and used to make injection mouldings, especially in the motor industry. Also battery cases.

50-70% Chrysotile.
ASBESTOS/VINYL FLOOR TILES

Also backing to PVC floor coverings - "Lino"

7-10% Chrysotile
(older types up to 20%).
REINFORCED ROOFING FELT AND DPC 8-10% Chrysotile.
PAINTS AND SURFACE COVERINGS eg"Artex" 4% Chrysotile, but note that Artex "AX" is now asbestos free.

If you have any queries about the presence of asbestos materials in your building, please contact us.


See also:
Asbestos - Introduction
Common Locations of Asbestos in Buildings
Asbestos - Identification

For more information see our Asbestos Section on our web site, or contact us at Voelcker Consultants

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